Umehluko Phakathi Kwe-Voltge Ephansi Ne-Medium Voltage Switchgear: Iyiphi Efanelana Nephrojekthi?

I-switchgear ene-low-voltage kanye ne-medium-voltage isebenzisa izikhundla ezihlukene ohlelweni lokusabalalisa amandla, ngakho abathengi akufanele bakhethe phakathi kwabo njengokungathi bangabanye osayizi bekhabhinethi. Imishini ye-Medium-voltage ithola, ishintshe futhi ivikele amandla okusabalalisa ngaphambi kwe-transformer eyehlayo noma endaweni yenethiwekhi ye-MV. Imishini yamandla kagesi aphansi isabalalisa amandla ngemva kokuguqulwa kokuphakelayo, izinjini, izakhiwo, amashaja noma eminye imithwalo. Ukukhetha okulungile kulandela umdwebo womugqa owodwa, amandla kagesi esistimu abizayo kanye naphakeme kakhulu, izinga lephutha, umhlaba, ifilosofi yokuvikela, ishejuli yomthwalo, ukuhlelwa kwe-transformer, izixhumanisi zekhebula, imvelo nezinga elisebenzayo. Amaphrojekthi amaningi adinga kokubili. Umsebenzi wokuthenga wukuchaza umngcele kagesi wenhlangano ngayinye nobufakazi—hhayi ukunquma ukuthi i-LV noma i-MV “ingcono yini.”

Uyini Umehluko Ongokoqobo Phakathi kwe-LV ne-MV Switchgear?

I-switchgear ye-low-voltage ilawula amasekhethi ohlangothini lwe-low-voltage yesistimu yokusabalalisa. Imisebenzi yayo ingase ihlanganise abaholayo, izigaba zamabhasi, abaphakeli abaphumayo, ukulawula izimoto, ukulinganisa amamitha kanye nokuvikela. I-Medium-voltage switchgear isebenza ohlangothini olusetshenziswayo noma ohlangothini lwe-voltage yokusabalalisa futhi ingase yamukele futhi isabalalise izifunzo, ishintshe ama-transformer noma ibe yingxenye yenethiwekhi yeringi noma yomsakazo.

Amagama kufanele alandele amandla kanye nezinga lephrojekthi. Ilebula yokumaketha ayanele. Umdwebo womugqa owodwa kufanele uhlonze amandla kagesi kulo lonke ibhasi nedivayisi, kuyilapho ukucaciswa kwempahla kusho izinga elisebenzayo nezilinganiso.

Qala Ngomdwebo Womugqa Owodwa kanye Nesikhundla Se-Transformer

Thola indawo yosizo, i-MV feeder engenayo, i-MV switchgear, i-transformer, i-LV main assembly kanye nemithwalo engaphansi komfula. Uma iphrojekthi ithola amandla kagesi aphakathi nendawo futhi iyiguqule esizeni, ivamise ukudinga ukushintshwa/ukuvikelwa kwe-MV ngaphambi kwe-transformer kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwe-LV ngemva kwayo. Isiza esincane esinikezwe ngokuqondile ku-voltage ephansi singadinga kuphela iphakheji ye-LV.

Ungathengi ohlwini lwezimpahla kuphela. I-SLD kufanele ibonise imithombo evamile neshintshanayo, amabhangqa amabhasi, izilinganiso ze-transformer, ijeneretha noma uxhumano oluvuselelekayo, ukuhlelwa kokungathathi hlangothi nokufaka umhlaba, izindawo zokulinganisa kanye nemingcele yokuzihlukanisa.

Yiziphi Izinguquko Okufanele Abathengi Baziqhathanise?

Kungani Izinqumo Ezihlukene Zezinga le-Voltage kanye Nephutha?

I-voltage yegama ikhomba isigaba sesistimu, kodwa ayichazi isilinganiso esiphelele se-switchgear. Abathengi kufanele futhi banikeze imvamisa, izidingo zokufakelwa, i-current short-circuit current, ubude bephutha kanye nokuhlelwa kwesisekelo. Amaphrojekthi amabili ku-voltage efanayo yegama angadinga okokusebenza okuhlukile ngoba amandla enethiwekhi kanye nezikhathi zokusula zokuvikela ziyehluka.

Ungaceli umphakeli ukuthi anikeze umsebenzi wephutha ku-transformer kVA yedwa. I-impedance yekhebula, imithombo efanayo, i-transformer impedance kanye nokunikela kwenethiwekhi ekhuphukayo kungase kushintshe umphumela. Sebenzisa isifundo sephutha lephrojekthi noma isisekelo sokuklama esichazwe ngokucacile.

Ahluke Kanjani Amafilosofi Okuvikela Nokulawula?

Imihlangano ye-LV ivamise ukuxhumanisa ama-incomer kanye nama-feeder circuit breaker, ukuvikelwa kwezimoto, ukulinganisa kanye nokulawula. Izinhlelo ze-MV ngokuvamile zidinga ukudluliselwa kokuvikela, iziguquli zamanje kanye nezamandla kagesi, ukukhiya, amasekhethi ohambo, amasignali akude nokuxhumana nensizakalo noma ukuvikelwa kwe-transformer.

Umehluko awukona nje ukuthi i-MV “inokuvikela okwengeziwe.” Uhlelo ngalunye luvikela amathuluzi ahlukene kanye nezindawo ezinamaphutha. Umthengi kufanele akhiphe imisebenzi yokuvikela, izidingo ze-CT/VT, izindawo zokuxhumana, amandla kagesi okulawula kanye nengqondo yohambo. Imidwebo yabahlinzeki kufanele ibonise ukuthi leyo misebenzi yenziwa kanjani.

Iphrojekthi Ikudinga Nini Kokubili I-LV ne-MV Switchgear?

Imboni, ihabhu yokushaja, indawo yezentengiselwano noma igridi encane ethola ukuhlinzekwa kwe-voltage emaphakathi kanye nokusabalalisa amandla kagesi aphansi ngokuvamile idinga iketango elihlanganisiwe: Ukwamukela/ukusabalalisa kwe-MV, i-transformer kanye nokusabalalisa okuyinhloko kwe-LV. Amaphakheji angase anikezwe iqembu elilodwa noma abambalwa, kodwa ukuxhumana kwawo kufanele kumiswe.

Izindawo zokusebenzelana eziyinhloko zihlanganisa ikhebuli ye-transformer noma uxhumano lwebhasi, ukuxhumanisa ukuvikela, ubunikazi bemitha, amandla asizayo, amasignali okulawula, ukufaka umhlaba kanye nesibopho sokufaka. Ukuthenga iphakheji ngayinye ngokuhlukana ngaphandle kweshejuli yesixhumi esibonakalayo kungadala izikhala ngisho nalapho ikhabethe ngalinye lithobelana.

Uyini Umehluko Phakathi Kwe-Switchgear ne-Switchboard?

Amagama ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziswa ngokuhlukile yizifunda nabakhiqizi. Abathengi kufanele bakugweme ukukhetha ngelebula. Chaza ukwakhiwa komhlangano, ukuhlukaniswa, uhlobo lwedivayisi evikelayo, ukufinyelela, ukugcinwa, imfuneko ye-arc yangaphakathi lapho kufanele khona, isilinganiso sebhasi, isilinganiso sesifunda esifushane nezinga elibusayo.

Uma incazelo isebenzisa womabili amagama, cela inothi lamagama kanye neshejuli yesisetshenziswa. Igama lezentengiso akufanele neze likhiphe imisebenzi kagesi eboniswe ku-SLD.

Yimaphi Amazinga Okufanele Abathengi Bawafake ku-RFQ?

Ngemihlangano ye-switchgear ene-voltage ephansi ne-controlgear, abathengi bavamise ukuhlola izingxenye ezisebenzayo zochungechunge lwe-IEC 61439. I-Medium-voltage metal-enclosed switchgear ivamise ukubhekana nezidingo ezifanele ze-IEC 62271. Ingxenye eqondile, uhlelo, ukwamukelwa kwendawo kanye nezichibiyelo zephrojekthi kumele zishiwo.

Ungayisebenzisi i-IEC 60439-1 njengereferensi yamanje ezenzakalelayo ngoba nje ivela encazelweni yomkhiqizo omdala; ithathelwe indawo wuhlaka lwe-IEC 61439. Umphakeli kufanele abuyisele isigatshana somthetho noma ishejuli yokuthobela ehlonza ukuchezuka. Amazinga kazwelonke angafakwa lapho iphrojekthi iwadinga khona, kodwa akufanele athathele indawo buthule imininingwane yokuphatha yomthengi.

Kufanele Abathengi Bayihlole Kanjani I-MNS Low-Voltage Switchgear?

I Isigaba semishini kagesi ye-Dingsheng ihlanganisa ukusatshalaliswa kwe-LV, iziteshi zokushintsha kanye nemikhiqizo yesiteshi esincane esenziwe ngaphambili. Ngephrojekthi ye-low-voltage, i Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-switchgear ye-MNS low-voltage ikhasi lisungula umndeni wohlobo lwekhabethe elihloselwe ukusabalalisa amandla kagesi aphansi kanye nemisebenzi yokulawula imoto, ngokucushwa okukhethiwe eduze kokuphakelayo kwephrojekthi kanye nezingxenye.

Ikhasi alichazi umhlangano ophelele wephrojekthi. Abathengi kusafanele banikeze amandla kagesi, amandla ebhasi, isilinganiso samaphutha, ishejuli yomtholi kanye ne-feeder, isivikelo, ukulinganisa imitha, indlela yokuhlukanisa, ukufaka ikhebula, indawo ebiyelwe, ubukhulu kanye nemibhalo. Ukubhekisela kwayo okushicilelwe kumasistimu angaphansi kuka-4000 A kuwumngcele womndeni, akusona isiqinisekiso sokuthi ikhabethe ngalinye elicashuniwe linesilinganiso esingu-4000 A.

Kufanele Ibuyekezwe Kanjani Isisetshenziswa Se-Medium-Voltge?

Ikhasi le-XGW-12 lika-Dingsheng lichaza umndeni wesiteshi sokushintsha uhlobo lwebhokisi elingaphandle elisetshenziselwa ukwamukela nokusabalalisa amandla kagesi aphakathi nendawo, okuhlanganisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zenethiwekhi eyindandatho kanye ne-transformer-feeder. Lokhu kusekela ukuqonda kohlangothi lwe-MV.

Ngomnikelo wangempela we-MV, qinisekisa i-voltage elinganiselwe, ileveli yokuhlukanisa, yamanje evamile, ukumelana nesikhashana, idivayisi eshintshayo, i-relay yokuvikela, i-CT/VT, imfuneko ye-arc yangaphakathi, ama-interlock, iswishi ye- earthing, ukunqanyulwa kwekhebula, ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsiza, indawo ebiyelwe kanye nobufakazi bokuhlola. Ungalokothi udlulise isilinganiso sisuka emndenini owodwa we-MV siye komunye.

Yibuphi Ubufakazi Okufanele Usekele Ukugunyazwa Kwezobuchwepheshe?

Cela i-SLD egunyaziwe, ukuhlelwa okuvamile, ishejuli yokuphakelayo, izilinganiso zebhasi nedivayisi, uhlu lwezingxenye, imidwebo yezintambo, ishejuli yokuvikela nemitha, imininingwane yokufaka ikhebula, ukuhlelwa komhlaba kanye ne-matrix yokuthobelana. Umthengi kufanele aqinisekise ukuthi amadokhumenti wonke abhekisela ekubuyekezweni okufanayo kanye nohlelo lwemishini.

Chaza ukuqinisekiswa kwedizayini, ukuqinisekiswa okujwayelekile, i-FAT nokuhlolwa kwesayithi ngokuya ngemininingwane ebusayo. Isitifiketi noma ikhathalogi ayishintshi imidwebo eqondene ne-oda. Ukuchezuka kufanele kuhlale kuvuliwe kuze kwamukelwe unjiniyela onesibopho.

Imaphi Amaphutha Okukhetha Avamile Adala Ingozi?

1. Ukukhetha ngegama le-voltage kuphela: umsebenzi wamaphutha kanye nokuvikelwa kuhlala kungachazwanga.
2. Iziba indawo ye-transformer: Imingcele yephakheji ye-MV ne-LV ayicaci.
3. Ukusebenzisa "switchboard" kanye "switchgear" ngokushintshana: ukwakhiwa nokuhlolwa okulindelwe kuyehlukana.
4. Icaphuna ku-SLD engaqediwe: isibalo se-feeder nezilinganiso ziyashintsha ngemva kokuqala kobunjiniyela.
5. Ukusebenzisa ireferensi evamile engasasebenzi noma engaphelele: abahlinzeki banamanani ahlukene wokuqinisekisa.
6. Ukuqhathanisa amanani ekhabhinethi: izingxenye, ukuvikelwa, ukulinganisa kanye nemibhalo akujwayelekile.

Yini Okufanele Ifakwe I-LV/MV Switchgear RFQ?

1. I-SLD nefilosofi yokusebenza kwesistimu
2. I-voltage yegama/phezulu kanye nemvamisa
3. Idatha yomthombo kanye ne-transformer
4. Izilinganiso zebhasi nesiphakeli
5. Izinga lephutha nobude besikhathi
6. Isistimu ye-Earthing
7. Ukuvikelwa, ukulinganisa kanye nokuxhumana
8. Ongenayo, i-coupler kanye neshejuli yokuphakelayo
9. Izintandokazi zengxenye
10. Ukungena kwekhebula nokunqanyulwa
11. Imvelo yangaphakathi/yangaphandle
12. Izidingo zokubiyela, ukuhlukaniswa kanye ne-arc
13. Izindinganiso nezinguqulo ezisebenzayo
14. Imidwebo, ukuqinisekiswa kanye FAT
15. Umkhawulo wokufaka/wokuthuma
16. Ubuningi, indawo kanye nohlelo

Thumela imibhalo yephrojekthi ngokusebenzisa i- Ifomu lesicelo sephrojekthi ye-Dingsheng switchgear futhi idinga Okokufaka Okuqinisekisiwe, Ukuphambuka, Okunye noma Umthengi Kudingeka kuzo zonke izinkambu ezibonakalayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ingabe i-switchgear ye-medium-voltage ihlala ikhuphuka i-LV switchgear?

Kuhlelo olujwayelekile lokuya phansi esizeni, yebo, kodwa iphrojekthi ye-SLD kanye noxhumano lwensiza ichaza ilungiselelo langempela.

Ingabe ikhabethe le-MNS lingakwazi ukufaka i-switchgear ye-medium-voltage?

Cha. I-MNS iwumndeni wokuhlanganisa i-low-voltage futhi ayikwazi ukumiselela okokusebenza okudingekayo endaweni yenethiwekhi ye-medium-voltage.

Ingabe ibhasi eliphezulu lamanje lenza i-LV switchgear ifanele i-MV?

Cha. Isilinganiso samanje nesigaba sikagesi sihlukene. I-insulation, ukushintsha, ukuvikela kanye nezidingo zokuhlola ziyehluka.

Yini okufanele abathengi bayimise kuqala?

Friza i-SLD, i-voltage, idatha yomthombo/i-transformer, izinga lephutha, ukwenza umhlaba, ifilosofi yokuvikela kanye neshejuli yokuphakelayo ngaphambi kobunjiniyela bokugcina bemishini.