EVSE imayimira Zida Zamagetsi Zamagetsi. Ngati mudagulako bokosi la khoma, kukonza ntchito yolipiritsa kuntchito, kapena kufufuza zazamagalimoto amagetsi, mwawonapo mawu awa - nthawi zambiri m'malo omwe anthu amangolemba kuti "EV charger" kapena "charging station."
Kumvetsetsa zomwe EVSE imatanthauza kwenikweni ndikofunikira kuposa momwe zimamvekera. Zimasintha momwe mumayendera zida, momwe mumakonzekera kukhazikitsa, komanso momwe mumapewa kugula zinthu zolakwika za EV yanu, nyumba yanu ndi bajeti yanu. Bukuli likufotokoza tanthauzo la EVSE, momwe malo opangira EVSE amagwirira ntchito, kusiyana pakati pa machitidwe a AC ndi DC, ndi miyezo yomwe imalekanitsa zida zabwino ndi zina.
EVSE Tanthauzo: Zida Zamagetsi Zamagetsi
Zida Zamagetsi Zamagetsi (EVSE) ndi nthawi yovomerezeka ya zida zomwe zimapereka mphamvu zamagetsi mosatetezeka kuchokera kumagetsi akunyumba kupita kugalimoto yamagetsi. Ku United States, National Electrical Code (NEC) imatanthawuza EVSE mu Article 625 ngati zida ndi zida - kuphatikiza zida zolipiritsa, ma waya, njira zodulira ndi zolumikizira - zomwe zimafunikira kusamutsa mphamvu kuchokera pamalowo kupita kugalimoto yamagetsi.
M'chinenero cha tsiku ndi tsiku, zipangizo zomwezo zimatchedwa zinthu zambiri: EV charging station, charge point, wallbox, charger or EV charger. Mawu akuti "charging mulu" ndi ofala ku China komanso misika yambiri yogulitsa kunja, pomwe "charging station" ndi "wallbox" amalamulira ku North America ndi Europe. Kaya dzina liri lotani, ntchitoyo ndi yofanana: kulumikiza galimotoyo mosamala ku gridi, kuyendetsa kayendedwe ka magetsi, ndi kuteteza anthu, katundu ndi galimoto yokha.
Kusiyanitsa Kwakukulu: EVSE Siyo Charger
Uku ndiye kusamvetsetsana kofala kwambiri m'makampani. Pakulipira kwa AC, EVSE sichaja - chojambulira chenicheni chimakhala mkati mwagalimoto.
Umu ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito. Galimoto yamagetsi imakhala ndi charger paboard, chipangizo chomwe chimasintha alternating current (AC) kuchokera ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu kuti ikhale yachindunji (DC) kuti muzilipiritsa batire. Malo opangira magetsi a AC kunyumba kapena kuntchito kwenikweni ndi anzeru, otetezedwa magetsi: imapereka mphamvu ya AC kugalimoto, kumalumikizana nayo kudzera pa siginecha yowongolera, ndikuyimitsa kapena kuyambitsa kuyenda bwino. Kutembenuka kwa DC kumachitika mkati mwagalimoto.
Kuthamangitsa mwachangu kwa DC ndikosiyana. Mu makina ochapira a DC, EVSE imakhala ndi chojambulira champhamvu kwambiri chomwe, chosinthira AC kukhala DC ndikudyetsa mphamvu ya DC molunjika ku batri, kudutsa chojambulira chokwera. Ichi ndichifukwa chake masiteshoni a DC amalipira mwachangu kwambiri - komanso chifukwa chake ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri ndipo amafunikira zida zamagetsi zambiri.
Mukalumikiza EV pamalo ojambulira a EVSE, kutsatizana kwakufupi kumangoyambira:
- Kulumikizana ndi kugwirana chanza. Chojambuliracho chimatseka pagalimoto, ndi EVSE ndi kusinthana kwa galimoto chizindikiro choyendetsa ndege (chotanthauzidwa ndi miyezo monga SAE J1772) kutsimikizira kuti kugwirizana kuli kotetezeka ndipo galimotoyo ndi yokonzeka kuvomereza mphamvu.
- Zopatsa mphamvu. EVSE imatseka contactor yake ndikuyamba kupereka mphamvu pa mlingo anakambirana.
- Kuyang'anira. Dongosololi limayang'anira mosalekeza pakali pano, magetsi, kutentha ndi kukhulupirika kwa nthaka, ndikutseka nthawi yomweyo ngati chilichonse sichili bwino.
- Kumaliza. Batire ikafika pamalo omwe amalipiritsa, kapena wogwiritsa ntchito ayimitsa gawolo, EVSE imatulutsa mphamvu kuzungulira dera ndikutsegula cholumikizira.
Malo ochezera amakono amawonjezera gawo lachisanu: kulumikizana ndi nsanja yakumbuyo pogwiritsa ntchito ma protocol otseguka monga OCPP, omwe amathandizira kulipira, kuyang'anira kutali, kuwongolera katundu ndi mapulogalamu a smartphone.
Mphamvu yolipirira nthawi zambiri imafotokozedwa m'magawo atatu:
- Gawo 1 - malo ogulitsira 120 V AC, nthawi zambiri 1.2-1.9 kW; oyenera kulipiritsa nyumba usiku wonse.
- Gawo 2 - 208/240 V AC, kuchokera pafupifupi 3.7 kW mpaka 19.2 kW; kalasi yofala kwambiri ya nyumba, malo ogwira ntchito ndi malo oimika magalimoto, okhala ndi mayunitsi omwe amavotera 7 kW, 11 kW kapena 22 kW.
- DC kuthamanga mwachangu - masiteshoni a DC amphamvu kwambiri kuyambira pafupifupi 50 kW mpaka 350 kW, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira malo opangira anthu ambiri ndi makonde amisewu yayikulu.
Mitundu ya EVSE Charging Stations
Malo opangira ma EVSE amabwera m'njira zingapo, iliyonse yopangidwira ntchito yosiyana:
- Zomangamanga za nyumba - AC mayunitsi ang'onoang'ono (nthawi zambiri 7-22 kW) okwera m'magalaja kapena pamakoma akunja kuti azilipira kunyumba.
- Malo okwerera malonda ndi anthu onse - Zikhazikiko za AC ndi mayunitsi apakhoma a malo oimikapo magalimoto, malo ogulitsira ndi malo antchito, nthawi zambiri amalumikizidwa kuti alipire ndikuwongolera.
- Malo opangira ma DC mwachangu - Ma charger odziyimira okha a DC kapena makina amagulu, monga kabati yamagetsi apamwamba kwambiri omwe amadyetsa ma terminals angapo a DC, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ochitirako ntchito ndi malo osungira zombo.
- Makina opangira ma Fleet Charging - adagwirizanitsa makhazikitsidwe amitundu yambiri ndi kasamalidwe ka katundu kuti azilipiritsa magalimoto ambiri usiku umodzi kapena pakati pa masinthidwe.
Zolumikizira zimasiyananso ndi madera: Type 1 (SAE J1772) ndi CCS ndizofala ku North America, Type 2 ndi CCS ku Europe, CHAdeMO ku Japan, GB/T ku China, ndi NACS ikupitilira ku North America. Ogula ayenera nthawi zonse kufanana ndi siteshoni ndi cholumikizira ndi magalimoto ndi dera limene akutumikira.
Miyezo ndi Zitsimikizo Zofunika
Malo opangira ma EVSE abwino amatanthauzidwa ndi miyezo yomwe imakwaniritsa:
- Ndime 625 ya NEC - Zofunikira za US National Electrical Code pakuyika zida zamagetsi zamagetsi, zotchingira mawaya, chitetezo, njira zodulira ndikuyika chizindikiro.
- SAE J1772 - Mulingo waku North America wa conductive charge coupler ndi kulumikizana kwa oyendetsa pakati pagalimoto ndi EVSE.
- Miyezo yachitetezo cha UL - Chitsimikizo chodziyimira pawokha pazida zolipiritsa za EV ku North America.
- Gawo la IEC61851 - Miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi yamakina opangira ma charger amagetsi: Gawo 1 limakhudza zofunikira zonse, Gawo 23 limakhudza malo opangira ma DC, ndipo Gawo 24 limakhudza kulumikizana kwa digito pakulipiritsa kwa DC.
- National Quality Certification ndi ISO Management System - zitsimikizo zapagulu zomwe zimawonetsa kupanga, kupanga ndi njira zowongolera bwino.
Miyezo iyi ilipo pa chifukwa. Zida zolipirira zimanyamula mafunde okwera, zimagwira ntchito panja mvula ndi kutentha, ndipo zimakhala m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri. Zipangizo zovomerezeka zimateteza ogwiritsa ntchito kugwedezeka kwamagetsi ndi moto, zimakhutiritsa ovomerezeka ndi ma inshuwaransi, komanso zimapereka zolemba zofunika pakulumikiza gridi ndi mapulogalamu a subsidy.
Zomwe Muyenera Kuyang'ana mu EVSE Charging Station Supplier
Mukawunika wogulitsa ntchito yanu yolipirira EV, yang'anani zochulukirapo kuposa mtengo pagawo lililonse:
- Zosiyanasiyana. Kodi angapereke mayunitsi a AC, DC kuyitanitsa mwachangu ndikuthandizira zida zamagetsi kuchokera kugwero limodzi?
- Zitsimikizo. Kodi zogulitsa zawo zimakhala ndi certification yamtundu wa dziko, satifiketi ya IEC ndi ISO management-system certification?
- Mavoti amphamvu ndi kasinthidwe. Kodi milingo yamagetsi (7 kW, 22 kW, DC yamphamvu kwambiri) ikugwirizana ndi magalimoto anu ndi chikwama chogwiritsa ntchito?
- Network ndi kasamalidwe luso. Kodi zidazo zimathandizira ma protocol otseguka monga OCPP ndi kasamalidwe kotengera pulogalamu?
- Engineering ndi kukhazikitsa thandizo. Kodi wogulitsa angapereke ntchito zopanga, kupanga, kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza ndi kukonza ngati phukusi lathunthu?
- Mbiri yotsimikizika. Kodi zogulitsa zawo zagwiritsidwa ntchito mu gridi yeniyeni, njanji, migodi ndi ntchito zapadziko lonse lapansi?
Dingsheng: EV Charging Equipment kuchokera kwa Wopanga Wotsimikizika
Shandong Dingsheng Electrical Equipment Co., Ltd. ndi bizinesi yapamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi komanso bizinesi yapadziko lonse ya "Little Giant" yomwe imagwira ntchito pa R&D ndikupanga ma switchgear apamwamba ndi otsika, milu yolipirira EV ndi zida zosungira mphamvu. Kampaniyo imagwiritsa ntchito fakitale ya 20,000-square-mita yokhala ndi antchito 220, ndipo mzere wake umaphatikizapo milu yolipirira ya 7 kW ndi 22 kW AC, mayankho amphamvu kwambiri a DC monga makabati opangira 360/480 kW gulu, ndi makina osungira mphamvu - ma projekiti athunthu omwe amathandizira pagulu limodzi lacharging.
Mphamvu zaukadaulo za Dingsheng zimalembedwa m'malo mongonena kuti: Ma patent 16, ma patent 38 ogwiritsira ntchito ndi ma copyright 12 a mapulogalamu, mothandizidwa ndi nsanja zisanu ndi zinayi za R&D zachigawo ndi matauni. Zogulitsa zonse zadutsa chiphaso chamtundu wadziko lonse, chiphaso chapadziko lonse cha IEC ndi chiphaso cha ISO management-system, ndipo kampaniyo ili ndi Grade II Qualification for General Contracting of Electric Power Engineering Construction. Mayankho ake agwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapulojekiti monga State Grid, Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway ndi aid-Africa yomanga, yomwe imatumizidwa ku Southeast Asia, Africa ndi madera ena, ndipo kampaniyo imapereka ntchito zonse zogwira ntchito zopangira pulojekiti, kupanga, kuyika kophatikizana ndi ntchito zamakono ndi kukonza.
Mapeto
EVSE imayimira Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment - zida zanzeru, zotetezeka zomwe zimalumikiza galimoto yamagetsi kumagetsi. Kaya mumatcha malo opangira, khoma la khoma kapena mulu wopangira, kusankha malo opangira EVSE oyenerera kumatsikira ku mphamvu yamagetsi, kugwirizanitsa ndi cholumikizira, kutsata miyezo ndi kukhulupirika kwa wopanga kumbuyo kwake.
Ngati mukukonzekera projekiti yolipiritsa nyumba, malonda kapena zombo za EV ndipo mukufuna milu yolipirira yotsimikizika, makina othamangitsa othamanga a DC kapena zida zothandizira zamagetsi, gulu lathu litha kukuthandizani. Lumikizanani ndi Dingsheng Electric kuti mukambirane zomwe mukufuna -
tiuzeni posankha zogulitsa ndi kufunsira ntchito.
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
Kodi EVSE imayimira chiyani?
EVSE imayimira Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment - zipangizo zomwe zimasamutsa magetsi mosamala kuchokera kumagetsi a nyumbayo kupita ku galimoto yamagetsi.
Kodi EVSE ndi yofanana ndi pokwerera?
Inde. "EV charging station", "charge point", "wallbox" ndi "charging mulu" onsewo ndi mayina odziwika pagulu lomwelo la zida zotchedwa EVSE.
Kodi EVSE ndi charger?
Kulipiritsa kwa AC, ayi - chojambulira chenicheni cha AC-to-DC chimapangidwira mgalimoto, ndipo EVSE imapereka mphamvu zotetezeka za AC kwa iyo. Pakuthamangitsa mwachangu kwa DC, chojambulira champhamvu kwambiri chimamangidwa pamalo othamangitsira omwewo.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa AC ndi DC EVSE?
AC EVSE imapereka ndalama zosinthira ku charger yomwe ili m'galimoto, ndipo imakhala yolipirira kunyumba ndi kuntchito pa 7-22 kW. DC EVSE ili ndi charger yakeyake yamphamvu kwambiri ndipo imadyetsa DC molunjika ku batire, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azichapira mwachangu pa 50 kW kupita pamwamba.
Kodi EVSE iyenera kukwaniritsa miyezo yotani?
Maumboni ofunikira akuphatikiza ndi NEC Article 625 ndi SAE J1772 ku North America, satifiketi yachitetezo cha UL, ndi mndandanda wa IEC 61851 padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza chiphaso chamtundu wadziko komanso chiphaso cha ISO kuchokera kwa wopanga.
